Direct welding (9−11) consists of irradiating the laser beam through the polymer to reach the interface of the materials. Two different welding configurations (3,5) exist: direct and indirect welding. The basic principle of laser welding is to irradiate a laser beam on the materials, which will bring enough energy, transformed into heat, to weld them. Both sample types were analyzed with XPS and ToF-SIMS and display similar results: C–O–Al bond formation at the interface is confirmed and a reaction mechanism is proposed. The first ones are spin-coated layers of polyamide-6.6 on mirror polished aluminum the other samples are made of a layer of N-methylformamide mimicking the reactive part of the polymer, dip-coated on aluminum. To achieve this goal, two different model samples were prepared.
A previous published work strongly suggests the formation of a C–O–Al bond at the interface, but this information needs to be confirmed and the reaction mechanism is still uncertain. For this work, common materials are studied: polyamide-6.6 and aluminum. Unfortunately, several fundamental aspects are not well understood yet, as the chemical bonding at the interface. In this sense, laser welding is more than a promising technique because of its rapidity, the absence of intermediate materials, and its high design freedom. The main difficulty to assemble them remains. Those assemblies offer many advantages, such as lightweight structures and corrosion resistance. Nowadays, hybrid polymer/metal assemblies experience a growing demand in the industry, especially for transports and biomedical purposes.
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